作　者：龙卫球
关键词：人工智能立法；科技立法；“技术—经济”范式；“技术—社会+经济”范式；自主化技术；人的价值性；人工智能伦理
摘　要：

人工智能立法应以立法范式转型引领科技立法进入新时代。这一转型是对近代以来科技立法形成的“技术—经济”范式的重大超越。既有科技立法范式，简单强调经济主义的单一维度，虽然两三百年以来成功地刺激了科技应用和经济增长，但是现在明显具有很大的不适应性。一方面，这种过度经济主义模式本身导致了对科技社会性的忽视，引发越来越严重的科技与社会风险；另一方面，正在兴起的人工智能科技具有前所未有的强社会面相，   它的巨大颠覆潜力和认知能力等特性，使得其应用面临着复杂而迫切的社会规范要求，特别是引发了对人的价值性的关切，因此应该向“技术—社会+经济”新范式转变，以经济性、社会性的双重架构以及相应的四项原则等，来推进对人工智能的合理规范。

 

“Technology-Society+Economy” Paradigm of AI Legislation

From the Perspective of Leading the New Relationship Between Law and Technology

 

Long Weiqiu (Beihang University)

 

Abstract  AI legislation should be transformed into a legislative paradigm, leading science and tech- nology legislation into New Era. This transformation is a great transcendence of the “technology-economy” paradigm formed in the legislation of science and technology since modern times. The existing science and technology legislative paradigm simply emphasizes the single dimension of economism. Although it has successfully stimulated the application of science and technology and economic growth in the past two or three hundred years, it is obviously not adaptable now. On the one hand, this mode of over economism itself leads to the neglect of the sociality of science and technology, which is causing more and more serious risks of society and science and technology. On the other hand, the emerging technology of artificial intelligence, with its huge subversive potential and cognitive ability, makes its application face complex and urgent requirements of social norms, especially the insistence on human value. Therefore, we should shift to the new paradigm of “technology-society+economy” and promote the rational specification of AI with the dual structure of economy and society and the corresponding four principles.

Key words         artificial intelligence legislation; “science and technology legislation”;   “technology-economy” paradigm; “technology-society+economy” paradigm; autonomous technology; human value; artificial intelligence ethics

 

■     作者简介 龙卫球，法学博士，北京航空航天大学法学院教授、博士生导师；北京 100191 。

 

 

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