作　者：李雷
关键词：法典编纂；生态文明；环境政策；生态环境法典；政策入典；合宪性控制；域外经验
摘　要：

环境政策与环境法律同属环境治理体系的两大核心工具，均在环境治理中发挥着重要作用。环境政策种类繁多、层次复杂、内容广泛，环境政策法律化的趋势日渐显现，可尝试以制定主体和政策内容为划分依据，将环境政策按照形式和实质标准有序分类。同时，还必须明晰环境政策融入生态环境法典的基本原则，总体上应该遵循谦抑性、充分性、有限性等原则，确保生态环境法典对环境政策的科学合理吸纳。此外，还应通过分析归纳瑞典、法国、美国等域外国家环境政策融入环境立法的经验，参考水污染防治政策融入《中华人民共和国水污染防治法》的立法过程，探寻环境政策融入生态环境法典的可行路径。如环境政策的宏观精神可直接采纳，环境政策的具体制度应转化吸收，环境政策话语需转化为法律话语，党政联合发文有必要选择性融入等。未来应该继续强化环境政策融入生态环境法典的合宪性控制，从控制主体、标准、程序三个维度着手，共同构建政策入典的合宪性控制机制。

 

Integrating Environmental Policies into the Ecological Environment Code and Constitutional Review

Li Lei（Zhongnan University of Economics and Law）

Abstract Environmental policies and environmental laws are two core tools of the environmental governance system, both of which play important roles in environmental governance. There are various types of environmental policies at different levels with extensive contents, and the legalizing environmental policies is becoming increasingly apparent trend. It is possible to classify environmental policies in an orderly manner according to formal and substantive standards based on the formulating subject and policy content. It is also necessary to clarify the basic principles of integrating environmental policies into the ecological environment code, such as modesty, sufficiency and limitations, so as to ensure the scientific and rational incorporation of environmental policies into the ecological environment code. Moreover, by analyzing and summarizing the experience of foreign countries such as Sweden, France and the United States in integrating environmental policies into environmental legislation, and referring to the legislative process of integrating water pollution prevention and control policies into the Water Pollution Prevention and Control Law of the People's Republic of China, feasible pathways for integrating environmental policies into the Ecological Environment Code should be explored. For instance, the guiding principles of environmental policies can be directly adopted, specific system of environmental policies transformed and absorbed, the discourse of environmental policies transformed into legal discourse and Party-government joint issuances selectively integrated. Looking ahead, it is necessary to continue strengthening the constitutional control of integrating environmental policies into the Ecological Environment Code, by focusing on the three dimensions of control subjects, standards procedures and jointly build a constitutional control mechanism for the incorporation of policies into the code.

Key words code compilation; ecological civilization; environmental policies; Ecological Environment Code; codifying policies into law; constitutional review; oversea experience

 

■  作者简介  李  雷，中南财经政法大学纪检监察学院副教授，湖北 武汉 430073。

 

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