作　者：李立丰 张鑫蕾
关键词：法定数字货币；盗窃罪；司法认定；民法意涵；刑法意涵；数字人民币；量子计算
摘　要：

法定货币数字化在技术上实现了货币从法律意义上的种类物到特定物的跃迁，可以有效提高货币运行效率、充分发挥反洗钱等国家治理功能。法定数字货币虽然安全系数较高，但仍然存在遭遇盗窃等侵财犯罪的风险。针对以法定数字货币为犯罪对象的新型侵财犯罪，重点关注“打破旧占有、建立新占有”的传统刑法认定模式明显力有未逮。考虑到法定数字货币的技术属性与法律属性，在判断其权属时，应分别针对法定数字货币的表达式和作为货币财产的内容加以讨论。具体来说，应结合法定数字货币的不同应用场景，在危害行为类型、危害结果表现以及非法占有目的与法益和行为相呼应三个层次，重构盗窃数字人民币行为的司法认定标准，并将其作为完善数字时代侵财犯罪刑法认定模式的初步尝试。

 

 

The Identification of the CBDC Theft in Criminal Law in China

Li Lifeng，Zhang Xinlei (Jilin University)

Abstract The digitization of fiat currency has realized the transition of currency from categorical to specific in legal sense, which can effectively facilitate such state governance as improving the efficiency of currency operation and anti-money laundering. Safe as it may be, CBDC is still subject to crimes of property infringement such as theft. In response to new crimes of property infringement targeted at CBDC, the traditional judicial identification model of theft, which is based on "replacing the old possessive relationship with a new one", is no longer valid. Considering its technical and legal nature, attention should be paid to its expression and the fact of it being monetary property, when determining the property rights of CBDC. Therefore,  the judicial identification of CBDC theft should be reconstructed at three levels: the type of harmful behavior, the manifestation of harmful results, and the correspondence between purpose for illegal possession and legal interests and behavior, combined with different application scenarios of CBDC. It should be used as a preliminary attempt to establish a judicial identification model for property infringement crimes in the digital era.

Key words Central Bank Digital Currency（CBDC）; theft; judicial identification; civil law implication; criminal law implication; digital Yuan; quantum computing

 

■作者简介 李立丰，吉林大学理论法学研究中心研究员、法学院教授，吉林 长春 130012； 张鑫蕾，吉林大学法学院博士研究生。

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