作　者：张文宏
关键词：社会资本；突发公共卫生事件；社会治理；新冠肺炎疫情；社会网络
摘　要：

社会资本是嵌入各个层面的行动者所能够调动的社会资源总和，其通过正式或非正式的规范和价值观建构社会信任，推动社会参与，以达成行动者的集体目标。宏观层面的社会资本是指政府调动的社会资源，中观层面的社会资本是指企业、社会组织和社区通过发挥专业职能所展现的社会信任，微观层面的社会资本是指个体社会成员的社会网络和人际信任，三个层面的社会资本共同协调，达成应对突发公共卫生事件的集体目标。从突发公共卫生事件的危机时期转向常态时期，需要在宏观层面通过法律制度的完善来促进认知型社会资本的培育和积累，在中观层面通过支持企业、社会组织和社区的可持续发展提升社会资本的质量，在微观层面优化社会资本的路径是扩大个体行动者的社会网络规模，提高其社会网络的异质性。

 

Social Governance in Public Health Emergencies: A Social Capital Perspective

Zhang Wenhong (Shanghai University)

Abstract Social capital is the sum of social resources that may be mobilized by social actors who are embedded in various dimensions of the society. It contributes to the realization of social actors' collective goal by maintaining formal and informal norms, enhancing values, building up social trust, and promoting civic participation. Whereas the macro-level social capital refers to social resources that are deployed by the government and the meso-level social capital can be defined as general trust that is constructed when enterprises, social organizations and communities function properly, the individuals' social networks and interpersonal trust make up the micro-level social capital. This article argues that the collective goal in public health emer‐ gencies is to integrate and coordinate social capital at all three levels. When a public health emergency enters a new phase as the post-crisis "new normal", it calls for stronger invest in social capital of all these three levels in order to secure the stabilization and sustainable growth of the society. More specifically, we need to cultivate and accumulate cognitive social capital at the macro-level by improving the legal system, increase the quality of social capital at the meso-level by supporting the sustainable development of enterprises, social organizations and communities, and optimize social capital at the micro-level by enlarging the size of the individuals' social networks and improving the heterogeneity of social networks.

Key words social capital; public health emergencies; social governance; COVID-19 pandemic; social networks

 

■作者简介 张文宏，社会学博士，上海大学社会学院教授、博士生导师；上海 200444。

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