作　者：王天夫
关键词：地点；人地关系；城市有机文化；城市亚文化；城市社会治理；城市社会学
摘　要：

空间与地点是城市社会学中的两个不同但有着密切联系的概念。前者强调的是抽象的、跨越个体的存在；后者则包含个人与群体身份的、用于定居的具体位置。除齐美尔以外，经典社会学家对于地点没有直接的论述。在从聚居地到城市的发展过程中，人与地点总是紧密地联系在一起，城市其实就是一个特定的地点。城市社会学家在讨论城市与城市生活时，几乎离不开地点。各个理论流派看待地点的视角并不一样，因而地点在各个理论中的位置与功用各不相同。在芝加哥学派以来的城市民族志研究中，对地点在城市生活中的具体细节有着深刻的阐述。人与地点的关系应该成为理解城市居民日常生活与实施有效社会治理的重要考量因素。

 

Space, Place and Urban Sociology

Wang Tianfu (Tsinghua University)

 

Abstract There exist great differences between the concepts of space and place, although they are closely related to each other and are both important concepts in urban sociology. The former emphasizes abstract existence above the individual level whereas the latter refers to a concrete location of residence that embeds individual and group identity. Except Simmel, other classic sociologists have not discussed place explicitly. From their living sites to big cities, human beings have long been bound with place and the city is in fact a specific place. Urban sociologists cannot talk about the city and city life without mentioning place. From different theoretical perspectives, place has been put in different positions with different functions in various theories. The urban ethnographical research since the Chicago School has provided many profound and detailed descriptions of city life. Therefore, the relationship between human and place should be taken into consideration in order to understand daily life of urban residents and initiate measures of social governance.

Key words place; human-place relation; urban organic culture; urban sub-culture; urban social governance; urban sociology

 

■    作者简介   王天夫，社会学博士，清华大学社会学系教授、博士生导师；北京 100084。 

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