作　者：王磊 杨文毅
关键词：消费流动；文化差异；分步决策；城市群；银联异地消费；人口流动
摘　要：

新时代的消费发展不仅包括总量增加和结构升级，也包含空间上的扩展和互动。基于中国银联2016年的异地刷卡消费数据，通过构建双变量二值模型，将消费流动分为人口流动和异地消费两个前后衔接的行为环节，从分步决策的视角探究城际消费流动的原因，可发现：距离是阻碍人口流动和跨城消费的因素之一，城市群交通发展能够在一定程度上缓解距离的负面效应；文化差异是影响人口流动方向和消费选择的重要因素，尽管受教育水平的提升有助于促进人们跨地区消费的意愿，但仍未能扭转文化差异的不利影响；城市消费功能是影响消费流动的基础性因素，但长江中游城市群第三产业尤其旅游业的发展尚不充分，限制了对外消费吸引力的提高；长江中游城市群的消费流动具有显著的空间不均衡性，大城市吸引了很多人口流入而且能够激发消费决策，但中小城市差距较大。为此，中小城市需要首先致力于第三产业的发展以吸引人口流入，进而利用地域特点打造消费地标激发人 口消费，从而缩小城际差距，形成优势互补协调发展的城市群消费体系。

 

Cultural Differences, Consumption Function and Inter-City Consumption Flow

An analysis Based on China UnionPay Big Data

Wang Lei, Yang Wenyi (Wuhan University)

 

Abstract At present, the short-term population mobility caused by tourism, business trips, family visits and other connections in China is becoming more and more prominent, resulting in a large number of inter-urban consumption. Based on China UnionPay’s 2016 inter-urban consumption data, a two-variable probit model was used to study the short-term population mobility and its consumption behavior. The empirical results show that under the background of the continuous development of the transportation network in urban agglomeration, the negative effect of distance on population mobility has been reduced. Cultural differences are important factors influencing the direction of population mobility and consumption choices, the improvement of the education level of people only slightly reduces the hindrance of cultural differences. The development of the tertiary industry, especially the tourism industry, in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River is relatively backward, resulting in its lack of attractiveness for inflow consumption. From the perspective of spatial distribution, there is a significant spatial imbalance in inter-city consumer flows. Small and medium-sized cities need to focus on the development of the tertiary industry to attract the inflow of population, and then use the regional characteristics to create consumption landmarks to stimulate consumption, so as to narrow the inter-city consumption gap.

Key words consumption flow; cultural difference; step-by-step decision; urban agglomeration; Union- Pay off-site consumption; population movement

 

■    作者简介 王 磊，哲学博士，武汉大学中国中部发展研究院（区域与城乡发展研究院）教授、博士生导师；湖北 武汉 430072；杨文毅，武汉大学中国中部发展研究院（区域与城乡发展研究院）博士研究生。

 

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