作　者：朱英
关键词：曾铸；商会；中美工约风潮；反帝爱国运动
摘　要：

为抗议美国强迫中国签订歧视和虐待华人的“禁约”，曾铸作为一介商董而成为反帝爱国运动的倡议者、联络者乃至领导者，以非凡勇气发起抵制美货运动，获得全国商界和学界积极响应，掀起了一场全国规模的反帝爱国运动；随后又作为这场运动的主要联络人，与美国公使和总领事进行面对面交涉，开启近代商人外交之先河。曾铸在遭受生命威胁时发表慷慨激昂的告天下同胞书，赢得海内外人士普遍尊敬与赞誉，在中国近代史上绝无仅有，他也由此被誉为“二十世纪中国商界第一伟人”而名垂青史。以往诸多论著对曾铸在中美工约风潮中重要作用与影响的忽略以及有失偏颇的评价，均值得商榷。

The Great Figure Zeng Zhu in the Commercial Circles in Late Qing Dynasty and the Boycott of American Goods

Zhu Ying (Central China Normal University)

Abstract Zeng Zhu, a Chinese merchant, became an advocate, liaison, and even leader of the anti-imperialist patriotic movement to protest against the United States of America, who forced China to sign a “Prohibition Agreement” that discriminated against and abused the Chinese people. He launched the boycott of American goods with extraordinary courage, which received active responses from the commercial and academic circles, setting off a nationwide anti-imperialist patriotic movement. He later became the main liaison of this movement, making face-to-face negotiations with the US Minister and the Consul General, and was the forerunner of modern merchant diplomacy. At the time when his life was threatened, Zeng Zhu published an impassioned letter to his fellow Chinese nationals around the world, which gained universal respect and praise from people at home and abroad. His unique deeds in modern Chinese history won him the fame of “the greatest figure in the Chinese commercial circles in the 20th century”. The negligence and biased evaluations of Zeng Zhu’s important role and influence in the boycott of American goods in many previous works are all open to discussion.

Key words Zeng Zhu; Chamber of Commerce; boycott of American goods; anti-imperialist patriotic movement

 

■ 作者简介 朱 英，华中师范大学中国近代史研究所教授、博士生导师；湖北 武汉 430079。

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