作　者：王天夫 许弘智
关键词：网民职业身份；政治舆论倾向；社会结构；媒介渠道；网络治理
摘　要：

 

关于互联网政治舆论的相关问题，既有研究主要从媒介信息论与个体选择论的视角展开讨论。从社会结构的视角，基于网民社会意识调查数据（2015）的分析结果，可以发现，在互联网网民中，党政工作者网民具有更高的对内政治支持和进取外交态度等舆论倾向，并更可能通过主流媒体、微信及个体社会网络的消息渠道获取政治信息；知识阶层网民态度与之相反，且更关注微博政治信息渠道而非主流媒体渠道；体力劳动者网民更具中庸态度。网民政治舆论倾向是现实职业身份的投射，基于利益立场的理性选择机制与基于媒介渠   道的政治社会化机制共同刻画了从网民职业身份到网民政治舆论倾向的形成路径。互联网在促进特定职业群体内部舆论倾向趋同的同时，也可能加剧不同职业精英之间的舆论差异 与极化。

 

The Influence of Netizens’ Occupation on Their Political Opinion Preference in the Internet Age

Wang Tianfu, Xu Hongzhi (Tsinghua University)

Abstract Existing research has mainly analyzed the issue of Internet political opinions from the perspective of media information and individual choice. In terms of social structure, our analysis of the 2015 survey on netizen social consciousness shows that among the Internet users, the cadre netizens display a higher level of political support and active diplomatic attitudes, and are more likely to seek political information through official media, we chat and ego-social networks. Moreover, it was found that the intellectual netizens hold the opposite preference and use more microblogs rather than official media to seek political information. The manual worker netizens usually show moderate orientation and pay less attention to microblogging political information. These findings indicate that the netizens’ preference across political opinions is a projection of their real social occupations, and the path from netizens’ occupation to their preference is jointly portrayed by the interest-based rational choice mechanism and the media-channel-based political socialization mechanism. While contributing to the opinion homogeneity within certain occupational groups, the Internet may aggravate the differentiation and polarization of preference among different professional elites.

Key words netizens’ occupation; political opinion preference; social structure; media channels; Internet governance

 

■     作者简介 王天夫，社会学博士，清华大学社会学系教授、博士生导师；北京 100084。许弘智，清华大学社会学系博士研究生。

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