作　者：何宗美
关键词：《四库全书总目》；明代子部；佛禅批评；思想史；文学史
摘　要：

 

《四库全书总目》的佛禅批评散见于该著经、史、集诸部，集中于子部。蕴含无限思想潜藏性的子部，到了思想活跃的明代特别是明代中晚期，迎来了它的一次重要发展时期。对明代的佛禅持明确批判态度是《四库全书总目》的倾向。它对明代佛教的贬斥态度，对明代禅宗特别是狂禅的坚决否定，有着清代官学性质，做法非尽可取。在佛禅批评的同时，《四库全书总目》揭示了明代思想发展双线演进的特有情貌与轨迹，对研究明代有重要的启示作用。子部和子学是中国思想的重要构成部分，《四库全书总目》子部为思想史、文学史考察提供了一个重要侧面。

 

Criticisms of Zen Buddhism in the Zi Division (Ming Dynasty) of Catalogue of the Imperial Collection of Four

An aspect in the Investigation of the History of Thoughts and Literature

 

He Zongmei (Southwest University)

Abstract Criticisms of Zen Buddhism can be found in every division of Catalogue of the Imperial Col- lection of Four, namely Jing, Shi, Zi, Ji, particularly in the Zi division, which has gone through an important period of development in Ming Dynasty, especially in its later middle period, a time of flourishing thoughts. The Catalogue clearly disfavors Zen Buddhism of Ming Dynasty, Wild Zen in particular. Its negative criticisms display the style of official school of Qing Dynasty, which thus may not be desirable. In addition, the Catalogue reveals the unique dual-threaded evolution of thoughts in Ming Dynasty, which sheds some light on Ming studies. The Zi division and studies of these collections constitute an important part of Chinese thoughts, and the Zi division of the Catalogue therefore reveals a significant aspect of history of intellectual thoughts and literature, and is helpful for studies in these fields.

Key words Catalogue of the Imperial Collection of Four; Zi division of Ming Dynasty; criticism of Zen Buddhism; intellectual history; history of literature

 

■     作者简介 何宗美，文学博士，西南大学文学院教授、博士生导师；重庆 400715。

 

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