作　者：钟昌标
关键词：外商投资法；对外开放模式；市场规则；FDI；外商投资管理；对外贸易；准入前国民待遇
摘　要：

从过去 40 年来中国对外开放实践的整体轨迹看，改革开放推动中国经济由封闭型走向开放型。无论从自身的实践看，还是就其在全球经济发展中的地位而言，中国的对外开放已然迈入全面开放、高水平开放的新征程，需要在依法治国的框架下推进制度型开放。

2019 年颁布的《中华人民共和国外商投资法》（简称《外商投资法》）是一部专门的外资法规，它的出台重构了中国外资工作的基础性法律，顺应了中国外商投资法律制度与时俱进、完善发展的客观要求。对外商投资实行准入前国民待遇加负面清单管理制度，意味着中国外商投资管理体制的根本性变革；用法律手段保障外商投资政策稳定、透明度和可预期性，将进一步提振外资对中国市场的信心，为新形势下进一步扩大对外开放、积极有效利用外资提供更加有力的法治保障，也将在法律层面上推动更高水平的开放，并使之有规可循、有法可依，助推制度型开放模式的发展。

 

Transformation of China’s Opening-up Mode from Chinese Foreign Investment Law

Zhong Changbiao (Ningbo University)

 

Abstract Reform and opening up have pushed China’s economy from closed to open viewed from the overall trajectory of China’s opening up practice over the past 40 years. China’s opening up has moved forward whether it is from its own practice or its position in the global economic development. A new journey of comprehensive openness and high level of openness requires the promotion of institutional openness within the framework of governing the country according to law. In 2018, the “Special Management Measures for Foreign Investment Access (Negative List)” was introduced as a special foreign-invested code, which introduced China’s foreign-funded basic laws and complied with China’s foreign investment legal system to keep pace with the times and improvement and objective requirements for development. The implementation of pre-entry national treatment plus negative list management system for foreign investment means a fundamental change in China’s foreign investment management system; using legal means to ensure the stability, transparency and predictability of foreign investment policies will further boost foreign investment in China. The confidence of the market will provide a more powerful rule of law guarantee for further opening up to the outside world and actively and effectively utilize foreign capital under the new situation. It will also promote a higher level of openness and regulation on the legal level, and have laws to follow, and promote the institutional development of open mode.

Key words Chinese Foreign Investment Law; opening to the outside world; market rules; FDI; foreign investment management; foreign trade; pre-entry national treatment

 

■ 作者简介 钟昌标，经济学博士，宁波大学商学院教授、博士生导师，宁波大学区域经济与社会发展研究院院长；浙江 宁波 315211。

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