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子女数量对家庭经济决策的影响发布时间:2018-08-28  点击数:
作 者:独旭 张海峰
关键词:二孩政策;家庭储蓄;生育率;性别平衡;性别偏好
摘 要:

 生育率与经济决策有着密切的联系,很多学者认为,中国的高储蓄率是由于计划生育减少了抚养人口。2016 年中国正式全面落实二孩政策,中国生育政策开始调整,这将有效提高家庭生育率,势必会影响家庭的消费储蓄结构。随着子女数量的增加,在子女成长阶段受抚养成本和教育成本影响,家庭储蓄呈现下降趋势;在子女成家立业阶段由于子女成家立业的压力和跨代转移支持的压力,储蓄率上升。子女数量对中低收入家庭具有显著影响,父母选择多生受到性别平衡动机和性别偏好动机的驱使,且性别平衡动机逐渐增强。随着生育政策的放开,影响家庭经济决策的主要因素是子女数量而非子女结构,这意味政府能够通过改变生育政策引导家庭经济决策,进而促进经济发展。

 

The Impact of the Number of Children on Family Economic Decision-making

Du Xu (Xiamen University)

Zhang Haifeng (Nanjing University of Finance and Economics)

Abstract  There is closely relationship between fertility rate and family economic decision-making. Many scholars believe that China’s high savings rate may affected by one-child policy. In 2016, China formally implemented the two - child policy, and the adjustment of China’s fertility policy will effectively improve the family fertility rate, which will inevitably affect the household consumption and savings structure. With the increase of the number of children, family savings showed a downward trend in the early stage, and the savings rate increased in the medium term under the pressure of children’s adult and cross generation transfer support. The middle and low income families have a significant impact, parents choose more students to be motivated by gender balance motivation and gender preference motivation, and the motivation of gender balance is gradually increasing. Family economic decisions is mainly affected by the number of children rather than the children’s structure, which means that the government can guide the family economic decision by changing the birth policy and then promote the economic development.

Key words      two - child policyhousehold savings ratefertility rate; gender balance motivationgender preference motivation


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