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硬实力的软约束与软实力的硬支撑——国际法功能重思发布时间:2018-07-06  点击数:
作 者:何志鹏
关键词:国际法;政治;无政府社会;硬实力;软实力
摘 要:

当前,由于世界无政府社会的现实,从单个国家的视角看,国际法在确立和维护国家硬实力方面的作用比较弱,而作为外交话语,国际法在形成国家软实力方面的作用比较强。探索国际法在社会生活中的功能,须区分理想与现实两个层次。国际法的理想功能在于提供世界秩序的蓝图,实现国际政治的规范化。不过,基于目前国际关系的状况,不得不接受国际法的形成与运行政治化的现实。在历史发展的进程中,降低国际事务中的实力因素,使政治运作更多体现规范导向的特征、实现政治的规范化,始终是一个健康、正义的国际社会的奋斗目标。因而,认知和发挥国际法的功能,一方面需要以国家为主的行为体积极参与国际社会的法治化进程,为完善国际法而努力;另一方面需要充分把握国际法的话语功能,妥善叙述国家的立场与主张,提升国家的软实力。

Soft Constraint on Hard Power and Hard Support to Soft Power:Function of International Law Revisited

He Zhipeng (Jilin University)

Abstract At present, due to the reality of anarchic society in the world, international law has a relatively weak role in establishing and safeguarding national hard power from the perspective of a single state. However, international law has a relatively strong role in shaping a state’s soft power as a diplomatic discourse. To explore the function of international law in social life, it is necessary to distinguish ideal from reality. The ideal function of international law is to provide a blueprint of the world order and to achieve the standardization of international politics. However, based on the current state of international relations, the reality of the formation and operation of international law must be accepted. In the process of historical development, the reduction of the factors of power in international affairs, and the fact that the political operation more embodies the characteristics of normative orientation and realizes the standardization of politics, has always been a goal of a healthy and just international society. Therefore, recognizing and playing the role of international law requires, on the one hand, that states-based actors should actively participate in the process of the rule of law in the international society and strive to improve international law; on the other hand, they must fully grasp the discourse function of international law and properly describe a state’s positions and ideas to enhance its soft power.

Key words international law; politics; anarchy; hard power; soft power


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