作　者：张旭鹏
关键词：观念史； 洛夫乔伊； 语境主义； 昆廷·斯金纳； 长时段历史
摘　要：

观念史从哲学史中分离而来。与哲学史侧重研究各种哲学体系、流派、学说和主义不同，观念史研究的是构成这些哲学体系和哲学学说的最小成分，即单元观念。观念史自洛夫乔伊创立起来，借助单元观念的跨学科特性和跨民族特性，逐渐成为一门提倡综合研究的新学科，并因此成为20世纪上半叶北美人文研究的主流。20世纪60年代以来，以昆廷·斯金纳为代表的语境主义者对洛夫乔伊的观念史提出批评，认为应当将观念置于具体的历史和文化语境中，才能彰显其原初本义。此后，在新兴的社会史和文化史的冲击下，观念史日渐衰落。最近几年来，历史研究中长时段理论的回归，要求人们从更大的视角和更长的时间跨度去研究观念或思想的历史。而洛夫乔伊的不受语境限制、跨区域和跨学科的观念史，恰好能为当前的思想史研究提供理论支持和写作灵感。观念史因而正迎来新形势下的回归，其未来发展值得期待。

The Past and Future of the History of Ideas

Zhang Xupeng   (Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)

Abstract:The history of ideas is separated from the history of philosophy.Compared with the history of philosophy,which focuses on doctrines,systems and schools in philosophy,the history of ideas emphasizes the inseparable elements in philosophy,namely,unit-ideas.The history of ideas comes to be a new discipline claiming comprehensive studies and then to be the main stream in humanities in North America because of its interdisciplinary and transnational characteristics.However,the contextualists,Quentin Skinner,among others,criticize the history of ideas created by Author O.Lovejoy.They argue that the ideas could not manifest their original meanings until they are put into the specific contexts.Since then,the history of ideas declines under the impact of contextualism and the new born social history and the new cultural history.Recently,the return of large scale in historical studies claims that historian should inquiry the history of ideas or thoughts from a bigger perspective and longer temporal scope.Lovejoy’s history of ideas,which is beyond the specific context,region and discipline,could provide theoretical supports and aspirations to the studies of ideas.Under this situation,the history of ideas is coming back and must have a good future.
 

Key words:the history of ideas; Author O.Lovejoy; contextualism; Quentin Skinner; large-scale history

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