作　者：袁方成 靳永广
关键词：土地城镇化； 新型城镇化； 土地制度改革； 利益调整； 制度联动
摘　要：

当前，我国正处于由土地城镇化向以人为核心的新型城镇化转型的关键阶段，土地改革是推进转型的核心环节，也是政府和社会广泛关注的焦点问题。以周其仁和华生为代表的学者们围绕城镇化进程中土地资源配置的主导力量、增值收益分配格局和小产权房处置等土地城镇化的关键环节展开较为深入的争论。究其实质，土地制度改革的核心，是既定利益格局的合理调整、权力与权利关系的理性均衡。为此，应在坚持现行土地制度基本框架和完善“地衬人转”制度安排基础上，重点从机制完善和制度联动改革着手，高效配置土地资源和维护农民土地财产性收益。

The Present & Future of the Land Urbanization：Taking the New Type of Urbanization as the Background
 

Yuan Fangcheng & Jin Yongguang （Central China Normal University）

Abstract:At present, China is in a critical stage of the transition from land urbanization to a new type of people-centered urbanization.Land reform is the key link of promoting the transition, and the focus of government and society too.For a long time, how to reform the land system has always been a controversial issue of new urbanization for academia.As the representative of the scholars, Zhou Qiren and Hua Sheng deeply discussed some key links in the process of urbanization, such the leading force, value-added income distribution pattern and the disposal of small property house as the allocation of land resources.In this thesis, based on a systematic analysis of Zhou Qiren and Hua Sheng as well as other scholars’ point of view, we intend to explore the future and supporting elements of land urbanization beyond scholars’ arguments.
The whole paper consists of five parts.Firstly, the article points out that the land system shapes the concrete form of urbanization.At present, the urbanization of population lags behind the urbanization of land in urbanization of China.It is a realistic contradiction.How to reform the land system is an important issue of new urbanization and also the focus of government and society.Based on this, the thesis will make a brief introduction to the main points of Hua Sheng and Zhou Qiren, as the representative of the scholars, on the allocation of land resources, value-added income distribution and small property house disposal.
Secondly, the paper makes a systematic analysis on the arguments of three main fields through the second to the fourth parts.It finds that the core of land system reform is the rational adjustment of the established interest structure and rational balance of the power and the right.And then, in the last part of the thesis, the author aims to go beyond the existing debate and points out that new urbanization of China should adheres to basic framework of current land system and improves system of“people transition followed by land transition”.On this basis, it should efficiently allocate lands and protect farmers’ return from land property mainly from improving mechanism and reforming system.
Specifically, we should distinguish the limits of market and government, combine government planning orienting to market with market decision guiding by planning together to improve reform of land urbanization.We can protect farmers’ return of land property by way of linkage reform of three rights division of farmland and “three rural land”.Finally, we regulate concrete system of land transition, establish and improve linking mechanism of people-land-money and deepen the linking system reform with household registration, land and finance as focus.
Compared to other studies, based on summarizing series of debate about the reform of land system, this paper holds that land allocation, value-added income distribution and small property house disposal is not only a key stage of land urbanization, also a real problem of deepening reform of land system.Essentially, these problems are inevitable results of the incentive and restraint from land property system, regulation system and its related system.In order to realize the optimized land urbanization, it is necessary to construct the system of“people transition followed by land transition”, and correctly handle the relationship between government and market, property right and governance right, public and private interest.
 

Key words:land urbanization; new type of urbanization; the land system reform; the adjustment of interest; the system linkage

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