作 者：张盾
关键词：象征; 模仿; 艺术; 美学; 中世纪
摘 要：
艺术的本质是象征而非模仿。这一本质是从头等重要的柏拉图形而上学二元论推论出来的，即：艺术是对超感性的更高更完美存在的认识与渴望，这种更高的存在不可能被艺术的感性形象直接模仿，但却可以通过某种幽暗神秘的符号方式被间接地象征。因此，象征是艺术的更高等级的形式，象征意味着从感性出发触摸更伟大的精神事物是可能的。与希腊罗马时代和文艺复兴之后支配着艺术的自然主义和人本主义原则不同，中世纪是被精神原则和超验主义所主导的时代，中世纪的艺术乃至生活本身都是象征的，因此对于理解艺术的象征本质来说，中世纪是唯一的也是最好的一个范本，产生了其完美性至今令我们惊叹的作品。
On the Symbolic Essence of Art:
Also about the Art and Aesthetics in the Middle Ages
ZHANG Dun （Jilin University）
Abstract:The essence of art is to symbolize rather than to imitate.This essence is inferred from especially important metaphysical dualism of Plato,which means art is the understanding and desire for higher and more perfect existence of super sensibility.The higher existence may not be directly imitated by the sensible images of art,but can be indirectly symbolized by some dark and mysterious forms of symbol.Therefore,to symbolize is a higher-level form of art and this means it is possible to touch the greater spiritual things starting from sensibility.Different from the principle of naturalism and humanism dominated art after the Greek & Rome times and the Renaissance,the spiritual principle and transcendentalism dominated the art in the Middle Ages,when the art or life itself was a symbol.So,as for understanding of the symbolic essence of art,the Middle Ages is the only also the best model,at that time many works were produced which perfection has been amazing so far.
Key words:symbol; imitation; art; aesthetics; the Middle Ages
[PDF]（下载数：）
