汉娜·阿伦特认为，现代社会中个人的盲目服从行为是导致极权主义兴起的重要原因之一。在对艾希曼案例的剖析中，阿伦特发现，其无意识的服从行为主要是由于不思（thoughtlessness）所导致的，这种不思是现代社会人们缺乏对自己意识、行为判断的主要原因。思考活动是反抗式的，是对一切人们业已认为理所当然的规则或规范的审查、反思、批判甚至瓦解。在这方面，阿伦特最为重大的贡献在于她向我们呈现了她的思考过程，并有可能激起更多人的思考，这正是克服现代社会病症的必要方式。
The Ethical Meaning of Thinking：ARENDT’s Solution for “the Banality of Evil”
XU Liang （Sun Yat-Sen University）
Abstract:Hannah Arendt recognizes that the blind obedience of individuals in modern society was one of the most important causes of totalitarianism.In her analysis of the case of Adolf Eichmann,Arendt thinks that his unconscious obedience followed from his “thoughtlessness” which primarily accounts for modern people’s lack of judgments of their own consciousness and action.Thinking is resistant in that it rethinks the rules or norms which people have taken for granted.Arendt’s most important contribution on this issue lies in her presenting her thinking process which can probably prompt more people’s thinking as a necessary remedy for the condition of modern society.
Key words:thinking; the banality of evil; Hannah Arendt; totalitarianism; the case of Adolf Eichmann
