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科学与人文的冲突与共融 ——兼论后人文主义语境下的数字人文发布时间:2017-07-06  点击数:
作 者:王宁
关键词:科学与人文; 后人文主义; 数字人文
摘 要:

作为一种来自西方的理论思潮,后人文主义近年来已经进入中国,并对传统的人文主义甚至人文学科构成了挑战。实际上,中国的科学与人文思潮来自西方,在新文化运动中同时登陆中国,它们的和谐相处和互动、互补及共融为我们今天评估后人文主义奠定了一定的基础。确实,“后人文主义”思潮在西方的兴起表明,在当今时代,人类也如同那些有生命的动物和植物那样,仅仅是自然界的物种之一,他们的存在和发展在很大程度上也依赖于自然的法则。如果我们看不到这一事实,就无法合理有效地发展人类自身。后人文主义是伴随着人文主义的危机而来的,但是也与人文主义有着某种延续性。它告诉我们,过高地估价人的作用的时代已经结束,人类的演化已使其进入一个“后人类”阶段。在这样一个阶段,人类再也不是地球上唯一的具有理性的生灵。但是人类可以发明创造出各种奇迹,有些创造出来的奇迹甚至连自己也无法掌控。虽然后人文主义的兴起对传统的人文主义和人文学科构成了挑战,但是用科学的方法来促进人文学术的教学和研究仍不失为一种适当的理念。因此,数字人文概念的提出,完全可以在科学与人文之间架起一座桥梁,并在二者之间建立一种新的互动、互补和共融关系。

 

The Conflict and Integration of Science and Humanities:On Digital Humanities in the Context of Posthumanism

WANG Ning (Shanghai Jiao Tong University)

Abstract:Posthumanism,as a theoretical trend traveling from the West,has already come to China,raising a challenge against traditional humanism and even humanities.Actually,science and humanities,as two of the important Western theoretical trends,got on very well and even interacted and complemented each other when they first landed on China,which certainly paves the way for us to evaluate posthumanism today.It is true that the rise of “posthumanism” in the Western academia indicates that human beings in their current stage have become nothing but one of the species in nature,like all the other living things on earth.Their existence and development depends to a large extent on the law of nature.If we do not see this fact we will not be able to develop ourselves well.Posthumanism comes after the crisis of humanism,but it has certain continuity with the latter.Posthumanism tells us that the era when the role of man is over-evaluated has now come to an end as man has entered into a “posthuman” stage,in which human beings are no longer the only rational species,but rather,merely one of the various species on earth.But man could create various miracles,some of which cannot even be controlled by himself.Although the rise of posthumanism is a challenge against traditional humanism and the humanities,it will still be an adequate project if we try to promote humanities teaching and research with a scientific method.Thus proposing the concept of digital humanities may well bridge up between science and humanities establishing a new interactive,complementary and cooperative relationship between the two.

Key words:science & humanities;posthumanism;digital humanities

 


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